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SwissCube |
NigeriaSat |
BRITE |
Yubileiny |
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Mass: |
1kg |
NigeriaSat-1: 98kg
NigeriaSat-2: 270kg
NigeriaSat-X: 100kg |
7kg |
48kg |
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Chapter 2 |
SwissCube (EPFL, 2009) |
NigeriaSat (Argoun, 2010) |
BRITE (Florian, 2011)
(TUGRAZ, 2011) |
Yubileiny (AMSAT, 2011) |
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BENEFITS |
- Provide dynamic and realistic learning environment for undergraduates, graduates and staff at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.
- Students and staff gain knowledge about how to build a complex engineering system from A to Z like a satellite.
- Satellite tested a new sensor that is now commonly used on many spacecraft. |
- Technology Transfer (NigeriaSat-X) [paper]
- Know-how transfer
- Ownership of space-based and supporting ground assets with low capital expenditure, in line with national budgets of developing nations.
- Ownership of data and control over data acquisition. Economic opportunities via collaborative consortium.
- Space related capacity building in organizations with the goal of sustainable development. |
- Education and Training of students either by designing or manufacturing the satellite.
- Establishing space research (BRITE-Austria/TUGSAT-1 first austrian satellite)
- Sustain cooperation between the universities in Canada, Poland and Austria
- A major goal is sustainability. TU Graz plans to develop a generic satellite platform which can be used for future low-cost space missions for which interest by the scientific community and industry exists.
- Technology transfer trough the use of common GNB platform (UTIAS-SFL) and the combination of different expertise.
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- Popularization of major tasks of space exploration
foreseeing solutions via fulfilling the Information Program
(voice messages, SSTV slides, signal imitation of the first
artificial earth satellite);
- Russian universities cooperate with industry to better
analyze telemetry data transmitted by the small satellite;
- Science-and-technologic experiments results.
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Chapter 3 |
SwissCube (Gunter, 2011) |
NigeriaSat (SSTL, 2011) |
BRITE (TUGRAZ, 2011) |
Yubileiny (AMSAT, 2011) |
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APPLICATIONS |
- Space science
- Observation of the airglow phenomena, which is photoluminescence of the atmosphere and occurrs at approximately 100 km altitude
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- Earth observation
- Agricultural monitoring
- Disaster management and relief
-NigeriaSat-X interfaces with NigeriaSat-1. |
- Space science
- The scientific goal of this mission is the investigation of the brightness oscillations of massive luminous stars by differential photometry. The frequencies of the oscillations may provide information concerning size, age and core composition of the star.
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- Research activities
- Scientific- and technological experiments such as nano-coatings developed by the Siberian State Aerospace University (SSAU) for protect the spacecraft electronic components against radiation.
- Transmitting sound messages and pictures for 50th anniversary (amateur radio)
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Chapter 4 |
SwissCube (EPFL, 2009) |
NigeriaSat (Susan, 2010), (Pike, 2011), (Kufoniyi,2004), (SSTL, 2011) |
BRITE (Schwarzenberg-Czerny, 2010), (SRC PAS, 2010), (SRC PAS_a, 2010) |
Yubileiny (AMSAT, 2011) |
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PARTNERS |
The project involved more then 180 students from different universities (University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland , University of Neuchâtel and University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland) under the supervision of the Space
Center EPFL.
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International partnership through the Disaster Monitoring Constellation consortium, allowing for combined national objectives, humanitarian aid and commerce benefits.
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Cooperation between Austria, Poland, Canada and universities in the respective countries. |
Universities and Research centers from a single country
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SPONSORS |
Educational Institutes, Government Organizations and Private Companies in Switzerland
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Nigerian Government |
Austria:
The University of Vienna and FFG/ALR
Poland: Minsitry of Science and Higher Education
Canada: Canadian Space Agency (expected)
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The satellite was developed, built and launched at the expenses of the companies-co-contractors of the project |
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SUPPLIERS |
Suppliers form industry, such as RUAG, EADS Astrium, CSEM, RIVOPS Remote Intuitive Visual OperationS, Oerlikon Space
and others.
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Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL) designed and built the NigeriaSat-1, NigeriaSat-2 and NigeriaSat-X with the direct participation of Nigerian specialists. Also SSTL has trained 35 Nigerian engineers and scientists in how to design
and build all subsystems of the satellites. |
Solar Cells:Routes Astroengineering,
Reaction wheels:Sinclear Interplanetary
Startracker:AeroAstro
Payload:Peter Ceravolo Optics
Other subsystems designed and manufactured by the mission partners
Testing facilities located at the mission partners or at external testing facilities (e.g. Poland- thermal vacum chamber, vibration tables. )
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Sun and Earth Sensors: The NPP Geofizika-Cosmos Company
Solar Arrays:Saturn Company
Gallium Arsenide Cells: Lavochkin NPO
Magnetometer:Ramensk Instrument Building Company
Nanocoating:The Siberian State Aerospace University (SSAU)
Test-Integration-Assemble: JSC "ISS" |
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CUSTOMER |
Academia:
-École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
-Haute Ecole d'ingenerie et de gestion du canton de vaud
-Universität Neuenburg
-Haute Ecole spécialisée de Suisse occidentale (Siders)
-Haute Ecole ARC Ingénierie (St. Imier)
-Ecole d'Ingénieurs et d'Architectes de Fribourg
-Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (Windisch)
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The National Space Research and Development Agency of Nigeria
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-Academical (Austria) / TU Graz-University of Vienna
-Academical (Poland) / Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre
-Academical (Canada) / Univerity of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS-SFL)
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Russian Federal Space Agency (FSA), Space Forces of Ministry of Defense and Army, Air Force and Navy assistance society (AAN AS) |
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Chapter 5 |
SwissCube (UNOOSA_a, 2011) (ITU, 2011) |
NigeriaSat (Obiechina, 2003) (UNOOSA_a, 2011) |
BRITE (Wolski, 2010)
(ITU, 2011)
(Jakhu, 2010) |
Yubileiny (Moiseev, 2011) (UNOOSA_a, 2011) |
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LEGAL ISSUES |
Swiss Air & Space Law Association
UN Registration: Not registered, as of 1 September, 2011.
ITU registered: BR IFIC: 2604 |
Contract with SSTL for the supply of the ground system and image processing software to allow operation of the satellite and generation of mission products from NASRDA’s new facilities in Abuja.
National Space Research and Development Agency (NASDRA) responsible for licensing the building and launching of satellites by any other organization within Nigeria.
UN Registration: NigeriaSat-1 Registered
Registration Document: A/AC.105/INF.411
UN Registration: NigeriaSat-X not registered, as of 1 September, 2011. |
Austria: Space law currently being established, no space registry.
The Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology, supported by the Austrian Aeronautics and Space Agency, responsible for UN registration (normal duration a few months).
Poland: No space law, no space registry, no registration of space objects.
Canada: Party to the outer space treaties, also implementation through domestic legislation. Several laws for certain aspects of space activities.
Industry Canada national body responsible for frequency allocation and coordination.
ITU application (in process): BR IFIC: 2701
UN Registration: Not Registered to UN, as of September, 2011 |
About 400 documents for regulation of space activities. Federal Law "About Space activities" main document
UN Registration: Registered
Registration Document: ST/SG/SER.E/550
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Chapter 7 |
SwissCube
(Florian, 2011)
(Gunter, 2011)
(AMSAT, 2011) |
NigeriaSat
(PIKE , 2011)
(GUNTER ,2011)
(BELL , 2011)
(N2YO, 2011) |
Brite
(ICNSC-TUGRAZ, 2011)
(SRC PAS, 2011)
(N2YO, 2011)
(CSA, 2011)
(University of Vienna, 2011)
(SRC PAS, 2010) |
Yubileiny
(AMSAT, 2011) |
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GROUND/USER SEGMENT |
- Ground stations in: Fribourg and Lausanne, Swizerland.
- Amateur Radio communication (Radio Amateur Network).
- Live information about the satellite is provided on a SwissCube website. |
- Ground station in Abuja (Nigeria).
User segment:
- Disaster Monitoring Constellation - NigeriaSat-1 is one of five satellites which make up a network. Each satellite belongs to one of 7 countries, but they share information with each other when disaster monitoring is needed.
- GIS community |
Ground stations in:
- Austria: Graz and Vianna, AUSTRIA
- Poland: Warsaw, POLAND
- Canada: Toronto, CANADA
User segments:
Austria: University of Technology Graz, Institute of Communicatio Networks and Sattelite Communications
Poland: Scientists from Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre
Canada: Univerity of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies, Space Flight Laboratory (UTIAS-SFL) |
- Aerospace Vehicle Laboratory SCC implements the satellite control. A similar satellite control center is established in the Siberian State Aerospace University.
- Students and research engineers can receive and analyze the telemetry in cooperation with the specialists of the Joint-Stock Company “Information Satellite Systems”.
- Amateur Radio |
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LAUNCH OPPORTUNITIES |
- The SwissCube was launched with Oceansat 2, UWE 2, BeeSat, ITÜ-pSat 1 and Rubin 9-AIS.
Launch vehicle: PSLV-CA;
Launch date : 23.09.2009;
Launch facility: SDSC SHAR, India |
- NigeriaSat-1 was launched with STSAT 1, Bilsat 1, UK-DMC 1, Mozhayets 4, Larets, Rubin 4-DSI.
Launch Provider: Plesetsk Cosmodrome
Launch Date: 27 September, 2003
Launch Vehicle: Kosmos M3
- NigeriaSat-X was launched with NigeriaSat-2, Sich-2, RASAT, AprizeSat 5 and 6, BPA 2 and EduSAT.
Launch provider: ISC Kosmotras
Launch date: 17 August, 2011
Launch vehicle: Dnepr |
-Austrian launch for two satellites is planned for 2011.
The Polish satellites are planned for launch (most probably on the launch vehicle Dnepr) 2012 - 2013.
The Canadian satellites are planned for launch 2013-2014. |
- The «Yubileiny» satellite was launched with other spacecraft built for the Russian Ministry of Defense (piggy-back).
Launch provider: Plesetsk Cosmodrome
Launch date: 23 May, 2008
Launch vehicle: Rokot
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ORBIT & CONSTELLATION |
- Low Earth Orbit (Sun-Synchronous)
Apogee: 752.00 Perigee: 726.00
Inclination: 98.28 Period: 98.50 |
- Low Earth Orbit (Sun-Synchronous)
- Part of the Disaster Management Constellation (DMC), which also includes the second Nigerian satellite NigeriaSat-2 (270 kg).
- NigeriaSat-1 (98 kg):
Apogee: 698 Perigee: 676
Inclination: 98.2 Period: 98.5
- NigeriaSat-X (100 kg):
Apogee: 704.5 Perigee: 663.8
Inclination: 98.3 Period: 98.3
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‐A Sun-Synchronous Polar Dawn-Dusk Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
-Planned orbit > 800 km
(typically 100 minutes)
- Constellation of six satellites from three different countries. Austria, Poland and Canada, with two satellites each.
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‐Low Earth Orbit
Apogee: 1516.50 Perigee: 1485.60
Inclination: 82.50 Period: 115.80 |
